Punic Wars

Punic Wars?

I have a test in Rome soon, and I was wondering if someone can summarize the Punic Wars for me, so I can study. Thank you!

The First Punic wa r264 BC – 241 BC) was fought partly on land in Sicily and Africa, but was also a naval war to a large extent. Fight was costly to both powers, but after more than 20 years of war, Rome emerged victorious, finally conquering the island of Sicily and forcing the defeated Carthage to pay a massive tribute. The effect of the long war destabilized Carthage so much that Rome was able to seize Sardinia and Corsica a few years later when Carthage was thrown into the Mercenary War. Other Punic War (218 BC – 201 BC) is most remembered for the Carthaginian Hannibal's crossing of the Alps. He and his army invaded Italy from the north and resoundingly defeated the Roman army in several matches, but never reached the ultimate goal of causing a political break between Rome and its allies. While fighting Hannibal in Italy, Hispania and Sicily, Rome also also fought in Greece against Macedon in the first Macedonian war. Finally, the war was taken to Africa, where Carthage was defeated at the Battle of Zama by Scipio. End War as Carthage's control reduced to only the city itself. Second Punic War, there were three military theaters in this war: Italy where Hannibal defeated the Roman legions repeatedly Hispania, where Hasdrubal, a younger brother of Hannibal, defended the Carthaginian colonial cities with mixed success until eventually pull back to Italy and Sicily, where the Romans held military superiority of the Third Punic War (149 BC – 146 BC), involved an extended siege of Carthage, ending in the city's thorough destruction. Recrudescence of the struggle can be explained by growing anti-Roman Movements in Hispania and Greece, and the visible improvement of Carthaginian wealth and military power in the fifty years since the second war. With no military, Carthage suffered raids from its neighbors Numidia. Under the Treaty of Rome, such disputes were arbitrated by the Roman Senate. Because Numidia was a favored client mode of Rome, Roman decisions were leaning heavily to favor the Numidians. After some fifty years, this condition had Carthage managed to achieve its war reimbursement to Rome, and found himself no longer bound by the limitations of the treaty, although Rome believed otherwise. Carthage mustered out of service an army to repel Numidian forces. It immediately lost the war with Numidia, placing itself in debt yet again, this time to Numidia. This newfound Punic militarism alarmed many Romans, including Cato the Elder who after a trip to Carthage, ended all his speeches, no matter what the topic, saying: "ceterum Carthaginem censeo esse delendam." – "Also I think that Carthage must be destroyed ". In 149 BC, in an attempt to pull Carthage into open conflict, Rome made a series of increasing demands that one the extradition of three hundred children of the nobility as hostages, and finally ending with the almost impossible requirement that the city be demolished and rebuilt from the coast, deeper into Africa. When the Carthaginians refused this last demand, Rome declared the Third Punic War. Previously relied on mercenaries to fight their wars for them Carthaginians were now forced into a more active role in the defense of their city. They made thousands of improvised weapons in a short time, even using women's hair for catapult strings, and was able to hold out for a first Roman assault. A second offense under the command of Scipio Aemilianus resulted in a three-year siege before he breached the walls, fired into the city and systematically burned Carthage to the ground.

Hannibal In The Punic Wars

Battle of Zama During Second Punic War Collections Photographic Poster Print, 24x32

Battle of Zama During Second Punic War Collections Photographic Poster Print, 24×32

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Battle of Zama During Second Punic War is digitally printed on archival photographic paper resulting in vivid, pure color and exceptional detail that is suitable for any museum or gallery display. Finding that perfect piece to match your interest and style is easy and within your budget!…

Carthage Destroyed by the Roman Army in the Third Punic War, 146 Bc Giclee Poster Print

Carthage Destroyed by the Roman Army in the Third Punic War, 146 Bc is a limited edition fine art giclee print, which uses a specialized printer to deliver a fine stream of ink onto archival paper. It results in museum-quality art of incredibly vivid color, depth and resolution that captures the essence of the artist’s intent. You’re sure to find that perfect piece to matches your style and buget …

Historic Print (L): [Allegorical scene during Second Punic war, showing Roman galleys in background; with ol

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This is a museum quality, reproduction print on premium paper with archival/UV resistant inks. Date: [published 1661]Subject: Notes: Reference copy in LOT 4613. Illus. in: The Second Punick war between Hannibal, and the Romanes. London, 1661.Format: Allegories 1660-1670.Book illustrations 1660-1670.Engravings 1660-1670.SOURCE: Library of Congress…

Battles That Changed World: Punic Wars [VHS]

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Legions of Rome: The Punic Wars [VHS]

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A true giant of military history, Hannibal forged his formidable reputation during the Punic Wars of the second century B.C. Famed for his incredible journey across the Alps and for his great victories over the Romans at Trebia and Cannae, he remained undefeated in battle until his raw armies were crushed by Scipio at Zama in 203 B.C., leaving Carthage at the mercy of the hated Romans….